The average inflation over the last 12 months until November, without housing, of 1.03% means the automatic increases can be calculated.

Pensions of up to €871.52 gross, which includes most Portuguese pensioners, will get a 1.6% rise in January, compared with 1.8% this year.

There will also be an extraordinary increase in January (the extraordinary increase this year was only in August) for pensions of up to around €650, meaning these pensioners will receive another €10.

Pensions of between €871.52 and €2,614.56 will go up by 1.03%, pensions over this amount but under €5,229.12 go up 0.78% and pensions above this get no increase.