These areas demonstrate significant technical, scientific, and business advantages, particularly in the northern and central regions of the country.

The study provides crucial guidance on where the state should prioritize research, development, and innovation investments, highlighting key sectors that show distinctive competencies and market potential.

The study evaluated 192 potential areas of technological application and identified 18 that stand out for their contributions to the economy and their strong international demand. Agroindustry is one such area, where specializations in biotechnology, chemistry, and digital technologies are prominent. Regions like the North, Center, Lisbon, Algarve, and Alentejo exhibit strong capabilities in this sector. Healthcare is another standout field, with advances in biotechnology, electronics, digital technologies, and materials science evident across multiple regions. Portugal’s expertise in transport equipment, focusing on electronics, production technologies, and materials science, is concentrated in the North and Center, while the textiles, apparel, and footwear industries benefit from clear advantages in material technologies, particularly in the North. Tools, machinery, and equipment are also areas of strength, driven by production technologies, digital innovations, and materials science. Information and communication technology (ICT) services, as well as transport and mobility services, underline the country’s capabilities in electronics and digital technologies across several regions.

The study underscores Portugal’s success in fostering collaboration between universities, technological centers, and businesses in key fields such as chemistry, physics, materials engineering, and biotechnology. For instance, in textiles, innovative research has led to the development of heat-resistant, waterproof, and electronically integrated fibers, demonstrating how scientific and business capabilities align. Similarly, in agroindustry and health, public-private partnerships have driven significant advancements, positioning these sectors as strongholds of innovation.

Strategic recommendations from the study advocate for targeted state support in these sectors, emphasizing that investments should not only focus on direct financial aid but also include fostering professional training, economic diplomacy, and the creation of broader collaboration networks. Such an approach aligns with European Union rules that require countries to design focused strategies for research, development, and innovation to access funding. Emerging niches, such as biotechnology for aquaculture and fisheries, also deserve attention. Although these areas lack a solid productive structure, they demonstrate strong international competitiveness through patent filings, scientific publications, and export performance.

The study highlights the importance of a selective allocation of public resources, suggesting that state intervention should prioritize sectors with installed capacity and critical mass rather than specific companies. By concentrating on areas where Portugal already has a competitive edge, the nation can amplify its market dynamics and distinctive competencies. This approach aligns with the European shift towards "open strategic autonomy," which balances protectionist and liberal economic philosophies. By focusing on priority areas, Portugal can refine its innovation strategies and secure a stronger position in global markets.

Portugal’s regional strengths and strategic focus on innovation pave the way for sustainable economic growth. The findings of this study provide a solid foundation for building a more innovative, competitive, and forward-thinking economy.

Author

Paulo Lopes is a multi-talent Portuguese citizen who made his Master of Economics in Switzerland and studied law at Lusófona in Lisbon - CEO of Casaiberia in Lisbon and Algarve.

Paulo Lopes