There’s no doubt our kids are feeling the pressure,
with NHS data suggesting nearly 300,000 young people in Britain have an anxiety
disorder. This is thought to affect up to 19% of all children and adolescents
in the UK, and up to 5% of children younger than 12.
“We know anxiety is the most common psychological
condition among children and young people,” says Dave Smithson, operations
director at Anxiety UK. “However, the signs of anxiety are not always obvious
for parents to spot.”
Deirdre Kehoe, co-CEO and director of training and
services at children’s mental health charity YoungMinds says it’s normal for
children and young people to experience worry, stress or anxiety at certain
points in their lives – such as at exam time, if they have difficult
relationships with friends and family, money worries, or are concerned about
events in the news.
But she points out: “More and more young people are
needing support for their mental health, and anxiety is one of the most common
mental health conditions. We know from speaking to young people and from our
own research that the past year has been one of the most difficult for young
people – emerging from the pandemic to more limited prospects for their
futures, coupled with an increase in academic pressure to catch up on lost
learning, and the impact of the cost of living crisis.”
Kehoe says anxiety can become a problem when a
young person isn’t in a stressful situation but still feels more worried or
panicky than usual.
“As a parent, it can be difficult to know whether
your child is going through a hard time, and the signs may not always be
obvious,” she adds. “But if you think they might be struggling, there are some
things you can look out for.”
Hard-to-spot signs of anxiety in children and young
people may include…
1. Sleep problems
“Having difficulty nodding off, having bad dreams
and maybe wetting the bed are signs of potential anxiety that could mistaken
for another ailment,” says Smithson.
2. Nervousness
If your child seems less able to cope and more
nervous than usual, it may be caused by underlying anxiety, warns Kehoe.
“Symptoms will look different for everyone, but things your child might be
experiencing include feeling nervous, overwhelmed, or full of dread,” she says.
3. Physical problems
Minor ailments such as tummy trouble or feeling
faint may be an indication that there’s an underlying issue. Kehoe says:
“Physical symptoms, including feeling faint or having stomach cramps or
diarrhoea, can be a sign of anxiety.”
Smithson adds: “Tummy upsets and headaches may be a
common ailment, but they’re also a common side-effect of anxiety in children
and young people, especially if they occur frequently and are used as an excuse
to avoid school.”
4. Becoming more clingy
Smithson says another sign to watch for is your
child becoming tearful or not wanting to let you go. This is often a sign of
separation anxiety, which NHS data suggests is the most common form of anxiety
in children under 12.
5. Change in eating habits
YoungMinds says problems with food can begin as a
coping strategy when young people are anxious, and they may lose their
appetite, or perhaps start comfort eating when they’re not hungry. “If you
notice there’s been a change in eating habits, it might be a sign that they
need some help,” advises Kehoe.
6. Losing their temper
Teenagers are renowned for flying off the handle –
but their outbursts may not just be the result of raging hormones, warns
Smithson. “Those teenage outburst of anger or frustration aren’t just signs of
them growing up, but could also be a result of their underlying anxious
thoughts and feelings,” he explains.
7. Lack of concentration
If you notice your child is struggling to focus on
a given task, it could mean they’re stressing about something. “This could be
another sign of anxiety in children and young people,” says Kehoe.
8. Reduced confidence
“If you notice your child is becoming withdrawn, or
if they seem to lack confidence or get upset, it might be an indicator that
they need some help,” warns Kehoe.
Smithson points out that a lack of confidence or
self-esteem may be an anxiety symptom in older, more adolescent children.
How to help
Kehoe says discussing anxiety with children can be
hard, and they might initially struggle to talk about it. “If they do open up,”
she advises, “listen in a non-judgmental way about how they’re feeling. Remind
them it’s OK to feel scared or worried, and try to reassure them in an
age-appropriate manner.
“Remember, you don’t need to know all the answers,
but talking things through can help them feel calmer.”
She suggests parents research ways to help children
feel calmer, including mindfulness, meditation, and grounding techniques.
She adds: “If you think your child needs
professional support, speak to their GP and school, and consider whether
counselling or therapy might help. Medication can also help manage the symptoms
of anxiety and your GP might suggest this alongside talking therapy.”